ABSTRACT: I will discuss combinatorial methods for studying the
topology of poset order complexes, focusing on the example
of the partition lattice and its $GL_n(q)$-analogue. Over
the past 20 to 30 years, a combinatorial technique called
lexicographic shellability has been used to show that
remarkably many combinatorial simplicial complexes have
the homotopy type of a wedge of spheres, and in the process
to compute coefficients in inclusion-exclusion counting
formulas. The partition lattice is a particularly nice
example, as well as an important one.
About 10 years ago, Robin Forman introduced a new technique to
combinatorics called discrete Morse theory, which may be applied to
simplicial complexes and cell complexes of much more general topological
type. After reviewing this theory, I will very briefly discuss machinery,
much of which is joint work with Eric Babson and with Volkmar Welker, for
applying discrete Morse theory to poset order complexes. Finally, I will
describe a very recent application, developed jointly with Phil Hanlon and
John Shareshian, to a poset whose GL_n(q)-representation on top homology
seems to be the natural analogue for the S_n-representation on the top
homology of the partition lattice.